Rome

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Rome

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

Which of the following groups did not invade parts of the Roman Empire?

a.	the Chinese	c.	the Huns
b.	the Vandals	d.	the Ostrogoths

The Justinianic Code is best described as

a.	rules of conduct for all members of the Roman army.
b.	a set of architectural guidelines used to create new cities and towns.
c.	a legal system based on Christian and Roman laws guaranteeing fair treatment for all.
d.	Justinian’s attempt to abolish Christianity.

Who was the first emperor of Rome?

a.	Diocletian	c.	Augustus
b.	Trajan	d.	Constantine

Unlike the emperor of the western empire, the Byzantine emperor

a.	worked in partnership with the pope.
b.	was the head of the church as well as the political ruler.
c.	held only ceremonial powers and not political power.
d.	was elected by a council of citizens.

What architectural elements did the Romans borrow from the Greeks?

a.	arches and stairs
b.	columns and open spaces
c.	highly elaborate stonework and bright exterior colors
d.	wood frame construction and lush landscaping

Which of the following was not an internal problem in the Roman Empire that threatened its existence?

a.	Workers’ strikes shut down many important industries.
b.	The government raised taxes higher and higher to support the defense of the empire.
c.	Political corruption was common throughout the government.
d.	Disease swept through the empire killing many people.

In what ways did the Roman government most influence the founders of the United States?

a.	The founders of the United States supported the idea of electing an emperor.
b.	The founders placed a high value on written laws and separation of powers.
c.	The founders of the United States admired Roman art and architecture.
d.	The founders of the United States wanted great military power.

What happened to the eastern empire after Justinian’s death?

a.	It joined forces with Muslim invaders to form a new empire.
b.	Justinian’s wife, Theodora, became ruler.
c.	It began to decline after facing invasions by various groups.
d.	It was conquered by barbarians from the north.

Diocletian was able to become a very strong emperor in part because

a.	he once served as pope and had the respect of all Christians.
b.	disease, high taxes, and other problems made Roman citizens hungry for a strong leader.
c.	he convinced Romans that the empire must be united into one large empire.
d.	he was able to negotiate peace with the enemies of the empire.

10.

Which of the following best illustrates the difference in the eras of Diocletian and Constantine?

a.	Constantine, unlike Diocletian, welcomed groups of people from central Europe and Asia.
b.	Diocletian, unlike Constantine, was a supporter of Christianity.
c.	Constantine invaded many new lands to enlarge the empire while Diocletian wanted the empire smaller.
d.	Diocletian divided the empire into two halves and Constantine reunited the two halves.

11.

How did the outside military threats weaken Roman society?

a.	Barbarians and other peoples brought new religions to Rome, reducing the role of Christianity.
b.	With the armies away from Rome, revolutionaries overthrew the government.
c.	People needed to farm and run the country were pulled away from Rome and into the army.
d.	Barbarians and other invaders were allowed to march into Rome.

12.

Which of the following was not a power held by Rome’s emperors?

a.	power to elect members of the Senate	c.	power to punish lawbreakers
b.	power to declare war	d.	power to lead religious festivals

13.

As the Roman Empire expanded, what threat did some emperors fear?

a.	They thought most citizens wanted a return to a smaller, republic form of government.
b.	They thought the empire was too large to defend and govern efficiently.
c.	They believed the pope was too powerful and would eventually become Rome’s leader.
d.	They believed Christianity would not survive, leading to the end of the empire.

14.

The development of Byzantine society was due in part to all of the following except

a.	scholars studied Greek philosophers.
b.	people began speaking Greek rather than Latin.
c.	the pope abandoned the Christian followers in the east.
d.	the Byzantines’ interaction with other cultures.

15.

What was the goal behind many of the great Roman engineering and artistic achievements?

a.	to impress the emperors
b.	to improve and make the lives of citizens more pleasant
c.	to win the annual contests held in the city of Rome
d.	to win a seat in the Senate

16.

What are aqueducts?

a.	a type of military cargo boat	c.	a type of wild bird found in Italy
b.	indoor plumbing fixtures	d.	man-made channels that carry water

17.

How did the citizens of the Republic of Rome restore order to their government and society?

a.	They hired armies from other territories to restore order.
b.	They used brutal laws to stop all dissent and disorder.
c.	They changed their government to an empire and placed great power with the emperor.
d.	They changed the government to a democracy, giving all citizens equal power.

18.

How did the Hun invasion of the Goth territories affect the Roman Empire?

a.	The Romans and Goths joined forces to fight the Huns.
b.	Defeated Goths moved into and eventually conquered Roman territories.
c.	Treaties signed with the Goths greatly expanded the size of the Roman Empire.
d.	Romans were greatly influenced by Goth culture.

19.

Theodora helped create laws to aid women and children and to end government corruption.

What can you infer about Theodora?

a.	She was a leader who cared deeply about her fellow citizens.
b.	She followed the traditional roles of Roman Empire women.
c.	She was more interested in gaining personal wealth and power.
d.	She left public leadership to her husband, the emperor.

20.

What does the Latin expression “Civis romanus sum” mean?

a.	Long live Romans.
b.	The sun never sets on the Roman Empire.
c.	I am a Roman citizen.
d.	I live in Rome.

21.

What were Justinian’s passions?

a.	warfare, architecture, and abolishing slavery
b.	painting, protecting the environment, and working to establish one official language
c.	reuniting the Roman Empire, the law, and the church
d.	politics, music, and fighting the power of the pope

22.

Which of the following best describes the philosophy of the Stoics?

a.	Citizens should live virtuous lives and act for the good of Rome.
b.	Romans should refuse to serve in the military and become pacifists.
c.	All people should act in their self-interest.
d.	People should reject technological advances and live simpler lives.

23.

The people who lived in this society never stopped thinking of themselves as Romans.

What inference can you make from this statement?

a.	The Byzantines wanted to distance themselves from their Roman Empire history.
b.	Byzantines tried to imitate the early Roman Empire.
c.	The history and prestige of the Roman Empire was very strong and the Byzantines still felt connected to it.
d.	The Byzantines one day hoped to move the center of their empire back to Rome.

24.

What were Byzantine mosaics?

a.	units of currency
b.	pictures made with pieces of colored stone or glass
c.	the colorful robes Byzantine emperors wore
d.	large domes built on top of important churches

25.

Which of the following best highlights the reign of Constantine?

a.	The capital of the empire was moved to the east, to the city of Constantinople.
b.	Constantine signed treaties with the barbarians and other enemies of the empire.
c.	Constantine outlawed Christianity.
d.	The empire was split into two halves.

26.

What inference can you make about Diocletian based on his decision to divide the empire and appoint a co-emperor?

a.	He was more concerned with strengthening the empire than with personal power.
b.	He was not interested in being emperor.
c.	He acted very quickly and on very little information.
d.	He was suspicious of outsiders.

27.

What effect did the Goths’ attack on Rome in 410 have on the citizens of Rome?

a.	They quickly voted to elect a new emperor.
b.	All women and children were sent to territories far from Rome.
c.	The attack made citizens realize that Rome could be conquered.
d.	Romans quickly tried to make peace with their enemies.

28.

What role did corruption play in the fall of the Roman Empire?

a.	Money from corrupt officials only went to support the armies.
b.	It had no effect.
c.	Corrupt officials ignored the needs of the people and made the government inefficient.
d.	Corrupt officials were allowed to take over the role of pope and other important positions.

29.

Which event marked the end of the 1,000-year history of the eastern Roman Empire?

a.	the writing of the Justinianic Code
b.	the renaming of Constantinople to Istanbul
c.	Constantinople conquered by the Ottoman Turks
d.	the death of Justinian

30.

Which of the following events took place last?

a.	Eastern priests received permission to get married.
b.	Byzantine Christians formed the Eastern Orthodox Church.
c.	Eastern emperors were given complete control over the church.
d.	Greek was made the official language of the eastern church.

31.

How did granting Roman citizenship to conquered peoples keep the empire strong?

a.	All citizens, including women and children, had to serve in the military.
b.	Citizenship in Rome was so highly valued that once granted, people remained very loyal.
c.	All new citizens had to move to Rome, creating the largest and strongest city in the world.
d.	New citizens were required by law to serve as slaves to help build new cities and towns.

32.

Which of the following did not contribute to the establishment of the Eastern Orthodox Church?

a.	The pope ordered the eastern emperor to start the new religion.
b.	The church leadership in the east was completely different than in the west.
c.	Priests in the eastern empire were treated differently than in the west.
d.	People in the eastern empire practiced Christianity differently.

33.

Which of the following did Attila not attack?

a.	Gaul	c.	Greece
b.	northern Italy	d.	southern Italy

34.

What role did Christianity play in Byzantine society?

a.	Christianity was outlawed in Justinian’s era.
b.	Christianity was central to the Byzantines’ lives.
c.	None; Byzantines quickly converted to Islam.
d.	Although Christians, most Byzantines did not think religion was important.

35.

The most influential Christian leader in Roman society was the

a.	leader of the Senate.	c.	head of the Stoic philosophers.
b.	pope, who was the bishop of Rome.	d.	emperor.

36.

He was a man born into the world to shake the nations, the scourge of all lands, who in some way terrified all mankind by the dreadful rumors noised abroad concerning him.

The passage above describes

a.	Attila.	c.	Diocletian.
b.	Clovis.	d.	Constantine.

37.

Who was Clovis?

a.	Attila’s son
b.	one of the most powerful German kings
c.	the first pope of Rome
d.	a wealthy Roman who fought corruption

38.

What role did Constantinople’s location play in its development?

a.	Without fertile cropland nearby, the city could not support a large population.
b.	Being located between two seas protected it from attack and offered the perfect spot to control trade between Europe and Asia.
c.	The city was cut off from the Roman Empire and therefore never grew.
d.	It was surrounded by water and therefore very difficult to defend.

39.

What is the Hagia Sophia?

a.	the most famous and magnificent Byzantine church in Constantinople
b.	the name of a famous Byzantine mosaic
c.	the name of the largest market in Constantinople
d.	the title of the wife of the Byzantine emperor

40.

What was the significance of the Byzantines’ interaction with other peoples?

a.	The Byzantines learned and then adopted new religions periodically.
b.	They were threatened by other cultures and eventually isolated themselves.
c.	Byzantine society became a mixture of various cultures and grew apart from Rome.
d.	They were able to provide Rome with more money by trading with these peoples.