Ch. 9: Labor
Matching
|
|
|
Identifying Key Terms Match each term with the correct
statement below. a. | white-collar worker | f. | right-to-work
law | b. | unskilled labor | g. | affirmative action | c. | learning effect | h. | union shop | d. | labor
union | i. | glass
ceiling | e. | semiskilled labor | j. | collective bargaining |
|
|
1.
|
a measure that bans mandatory union membership
|
|
2.
|
a workplace that will be nonunion members but requires them to join the union
within a certain period of time
|
|
3.
|
an unofficial, invisible barrier that prevents women and minorities from
advancing in businesses dominated by white men
|
|
4.
|
labor that requires minimal specialized skills and education
|
|
5.
|
the theory that education increases productivity and results in higher
wages
|
|
6.
|
an organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and
benefits for its members
|
|
7.
|
the use of policies, programs, and procedures to ensure the inclusion of
minorities and women in job hiring, college admission, and the awarding of government
contracts
|
|
8.
|
someone in a professional or clerical job who usually earns a salary
|
Multiple Choice Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
9.
|
Approximately what percentage of U.S. workers belong to labor unions?
a. | 9 percent | c. | 25 percent | b. | 13 percent | d. | 42 percent |
|
|
10.
|
What is collective bargaining?
a. | union and company representatives meeting to negotiate a new labor
contract | b. | an organization of workers representing several different
occupations | c. | an agreement to allow everyone to be part of the labor negotiating
process | d. | a situation in which the rights of labor have been set
aside |
|
|
11.
|
Why are women less likely to be members of labor unions that men?
a. | Women are less likely to want to pay union dues. | b. | More women work in
agency-shop situations. | c. | Fewer women work in blue-collar unionized
industries. | d. | Women earn about 75 percent of what men earn on
average. |
|
|
12.
|
For which kinds of discrimination does the EEOC handle complains?
a. | race only | c. | religion and nationality only | b. | race and sex
only | d. | race, sex, color,
religion, or nationality |
|
|
13.
|
Which of the following is an example of using physical capital instead of human
capital to get a job done?
a. | furniture made by hand | c. | an automatic teller machine | b. | a server in a
fast-food restaurant | d. | a
licensed practical nurse |
|
|
14.
|
What happens to job opportunities when wages go up?
a. | Job opportunities become more interesting. | b. | The jobs available
become easier to get. | c. | The quantity of labor demanded goes
down. | d. | The quantity of labor demanded goes up.e |
|
|
15.
|
In inflation-adjusted dollars, how have average wages in the United States
changed in the last 20 years?
a. | Wages have gone up significantly. | c. | Wages have varied every few
years. | b. | Wages have gone down significantly. | d. | Wages have stayed the
same. |
|
|
16.
|
When did labor unions begin to gain some legal rights in the United
States?
a. | 1900s | c. | 1930s | b. | 1920s | d. | 1950s |
|
|
17.
|
Which of the following jobs are expected to grow significantly?
a. | computer-related jobs | c. | police and fire fighters’ jobs | b. | manufacturing
jobs | d. | agricultural
workers’ jobs |
|
|
18.
|
Which of the following could be considered company benefits?
a. | overtime payments | b. | weekly wages | c. | the employee’s
payments to Social Security | d. | the employer’s payments to Social
Security |
|
Short Answer
|
|
|
Reading a Chart
|
|
19.
|
Which group has the highest salary?
|
|
20.
|
Who earns more, Hispanic women or African American women?
|
|
21.
|
How much do Hispanic men earn, on average?
|
Essay
|
|
|
Critical Thinking
|
|
22.
|
Expressing Problems Clearly What are the various requirements that people
can meet to be considered employed?
|
|
23.
|
Analyzing Information Why do more women work today than 25 years
ago?
|
|
24.
|
Identifying Alternatives What is the difference between arbitration and
mediation?
|