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Chapter 15

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IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Use each key term below in a sentence that shows the meaning of the term.
 

 1. 
administration
 

 2. 
quasi-legislative
 

 3. 
spoils system
 

 4. 
register
 

Matching
 
 
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms.
a.
Executive Office of the President
b.
patronage
c.
bureaucrat
d.
secretary
 

 5. 

 Each ____, or person working for the organization, has certain defined duties and responsibilities.
 

 6. 

 The "nerve center" of the ____ is the White House Office.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
MAIN IDEAS
 

 7. 
The Federal Government is considered a bureaucracy primarily because it
a.
was established according to the practice and traditions set by past Presidents as they fulfilled their executive functions.
b.
consists of many agencies that do not function very efficiently in the performance of their duties.
c.
is a complex system of organization based on certain principles.
d.
is headed by the President, who represents the main bureau, or office.
 

 8. 
Unlike staff agencies, line agencies
a.
serve in a support capacity by offering advice.
b.
are directly responsible for administering programs.
c.
help advise private programs of public interest.
d.
primarily assist in the overall management of the executive branch.
 

 9. 
In the executive branch, the title of department is reserved for
a.
agencies of Cabinet rank.
b.
independent agencies.
c.
agencies of the judicial branch.
d.
agencies of congressional rank.
 

 10. 
Which one of the following is an example of an independent agency?
a.
Department of State
b.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
c.
National Security Council
d.
Office of Management and Budget
 

 11. 
The civil service system was finally established because of
a.
President Washington's actions creating the tradition.
b.
President Jefferson's support of political acceptability.
c.
President Jackson's development of the spoils system.
d.
President Garfield's assassination by an angry office seeker.
 

 12. 
The civil service was created partly to ensure that federal employees
a.
may run in partisan political elections.
b.
are promoted based on loyalty to a political party.
c.
are allowed full participation in party activities.
d.
are promoted based on merit.
 

 13. 
Which one of the following does NOT contribute to the Federal Government's classification as a bureaucracy?
a.
The government has three branches with checks and balances.
b.
Each government worker has defined responsibilities.
c.
The government has formal rules for operation.
d.
Government officials at the top control those in the middle.
 

 14. 
Which of the following was one of the original executive departments set up by Congress in 1789?
a.
Department of Justice
b.
Department of Treasury
c.
Department of Agriculture
d.
Department of Education
 

 15. 
Which one of the following groups of advisors is NOT part of the Executive Office of the President?
a.
chief of staff, press secretary, legal advisor
b.
National Security Council, Office of Management and Budget
c.
Council of Economic Advisers, Office of National Drug Control Policy
d.
General Service Administration, NASA, EPA
 

 16. 
Which of the following is NOT a reason that independent agencies exist outside of Cabinet departments?
a.
Some independent agencies just do not fit within any department.
b.
Congress seeks to protect certain agencies from the influence of partisan and pressure politics.
c.
The Constitution specifically provided for the independent existence of some agencies.
d.
Some agencies are independent because of the peculiar and sensitive nature of their functions.
 

 17. 
Historically, the role of the Cabinet in the President's decision making may be described as
a.
dependent on a President's use of it.
b.
essential to the presidency.
c.
unnecessary and a waste of time.
d.
a key factor in the Framers' thinking.
 

 18. 
The MAIN goal of the civil service today is to
a.
do away with the spoils system and other forms of patronage.
b.
provide jobs for people seeking federal positions.
c.
make sure that federal employees are not partisan.
d.
recruit and keep the best available people in the federal work force.
 

 19. 
Which of the following are functions of employees working in the White House Office?
a.
advise the President on foreign, domestic, and defense matters
b.
preside over certain congressional hearings and legislative matters
c.
report to the President on the purchase of supplies for the government
d.
prosecute those accused of spying and treason against the government
 

 20. 
The members of the President's Cabinet, after being appointed by the President, are then subject to
a.
approval by public caucus.
b.
Senate approval.
c.
House approval.
d.
approval by the Vice President.
 

 21. 
The first reform that successfully laid the foundation for the present civil service system was
a.
President Jefferson's policy of political acceptability.
b.
the establishment of the Civil Service Commission in 1871.
c.
the Pendleton Act.
d.
the setting up of the Office of Personnel Management.
 
 
INTERPRETING GRAPHS
Use the graph to answer the following questions.

nar003-1.jpg
 

 22. 
What percentage of civil service employees are women?
a.
56%
b.
16.7%
c.
44%
d.
71.5%
 

 23. 
What ethnic group makes up the smallest percentage of the civil service?
a.
Native Americans
b.
Hispanics
c.
Men
d.
Women
 

Essay
 
 
CRITICAL THINKING
 

 24. 
Drawing Inferences What does the pyramidal structure of the bureaucracy suggest about the relationship between rank and numbers of employees at each rank?
 

 25. 
Making Comparisons What are the similarities and differences between government corporations and private corporations?
 

 26. 
Synthesizing Information What gives independent agencies their name?
 



 
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